University of Pennsylvania
English 500 (Fall 1989)
Mr. Traister
Office:  Special Collections, Van Pelt Library

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Return to Daniel Traister's Home Page. HISTORY OF BOOKS AND PRINTING This course assumes a reasonably firm knowledge of Euro- pean and American history. It offers a brief introduction to a large and complex topic. More attention will be paid to develop- ments that begin in the middle of the fifteenth century, with the invention in the West of printing from movable type, than to those that antedate this invention. Relatively little attention will be paid to the twentieth century. The course thus has chronological limitations. Much more attention will be paid to developments in the West than in the rest of the world. The course thus has geo- graphical and ethnocentric limitations. Assignments will be made to materials written or available in English. These tend to empha- size the English-speaking world. The course thus has linguistic limitations. Greater attention will be paid to ordinary books than to the monuments of the printer's art, to ugly books than to beau- tiful ones. The course thus has the limitations of its instruc- tor's prejudices. Students who wish to write papers which investi- gate pre-1450, non-Western, non-English, or fine printing topics, however, are invited to do so after consulting with the instructor. GROUND RULES This course requires completion of a moderately heavy reading list. Classes will normally combine student papers, dis- cussion, and hands-on examination of books. PRESENTATIONS: Every two or three weeks, depending on class size, students will present a paper on one or another aspect of the assigned readings for that week. Topics will be assigned in advance, but students who wish to discuss aspects of the reading other than what the suggested topics require are encouraged to do so after speaking with the instructor. Assume that such papers should last between ten and fifteen minutes and that the instructor wants to see them after class (i.e., write them out, whether or not you deliver them orally as they are written). The instructor will prepare classes with such reports in mind. Failure to deliver them as scheduled not only will disrupt his plans but also inconvenience your fellow students. EXAMS AND PAPER: Students must write a PAPER (DUE DECEM- BER 18). It is extremely doubtful that the instructor will do any- thing quite so crass as to give either a midterm or a final exami- nation in this course, although if a noticeably low level of class- room discussion appears to warrant them he will feel free to do so. The final paper, the exams (if there are any), and papers presented in class will all count towards your grade. In addition, classroom participation will influence grades. Paper topics should be chosen in consultation with the instructor. Students encountering a sub- ject for the first time are NOT expected to write publishable re- search papers. But your paper should: 1) demonstrate knowledge of the available resources, primary and secondary, monographic and periodical (including unpublished manuscripts, where appropriate), on its topic; 2) show an awareness and understanding of the histor- ical and intellectual issues which it raises; and 3) marshall the evidence to argue and defend a case, a point of view, about your topic. No thesis, no paper. ORAL AND WRITTEN SKILLS WILL COUNT IN GRADING. SLOPPY WRITING NORMALLY MEANS SLOPPY THINKING. The instructor regards with EXTREME disfavor requests for grades of "Incomplete." Extensions will be granted ONLY for veri- fiable cases of death or disaster. The instructor can be found on the sixth floor of Van Pelt Library (6206). You may call him there during the day: 215 898 7088. You can send Traister an e-mail message at his address by click- ing here. READING: The following texts have been ordered through the Uni- versity bookstore: Philip Gaskell, A New Introduction to Bibliography (1972; rpt. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1974 [corrected edi- tion]) Elizabeth L. Eisenstein, The Printing Revolution in Early Modern Europe (Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1983)--paperback Walter J. Ong, Orality and Literacy: The Technologizing of the Word, New Accents (London and New York: Methuen, 1982)--paperback. In order to keep costs manageable, no other books have been ordered for purchase; the reading required by this course, however, will prove moderately extensive. Copies of assigned books are available in Van Pelt. Please remember that several of you are looking for the same texts; if you don't leave the books in Van Pelt's stacks, the instructor will put them on reserve. Most books are also available in the instructor's office. Please do not mark or other- wise abuse these copies. The instructor, an extreme type of anal- compulsive personality, will regard both you and your marks with gruesome displeasure. Ask for these books at the desk in the Ross (Rare Book) Reading Room on the 6th floor. SCHEDULE The class will meet in the STC Room on the 6th floor of Van Pelt Library. 1) 11 September: Introduction 2) 18 September: Introduction, cont.; manuscripts READ: Colin H. Roberts and T. C. Skeat, The Birth of the Codex (London: Printed for the British Academy by Oxford University Press, 1983); AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE OF Christopher De Hamel, A His- tory of Illuminated Manuscripts (Boston: David R. Godine, 1986). 3) 25 September: Manuscripts: ancient and medieval READ: G. Thomas Tanselle, The History of Books as a Field of Study (Chapel Hill, NC: Hanes Foundation, Rare Book Collection/Academ- ic Affairs Library, The University of North Carolina, 1981); MORE OF Christopher De Hamel. The "Reader's Digest condensed" version of this course is avail- able in the instructor's essay, "Book," in International Encyclo- pedia of Communications, ed. Erik Barnouw, et al. (New York and Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press, 1989), 1:209-17. For additional fun and background information, read: J. D. Hawkins, "The Origin and Dissemination of Writing in Western Asia," in The Origins of Civil- ization, ed. P. R. S. Moorey, Wolfson College Lectures, 1978 (Oxford and New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1979), pp. 128-166; and Roy Harris, The Origin of Writing (La Salle, IL: Open Court, 1986)--just in case you still believe in Santa Claus, the Tooth Fairy, or Experts. PAPER: What got lost, what got saved? Why? How? Read L. D. Reynolds and N. G. Wilson, Scribes and Scholars: A Guide to the Transmission of Greek and Latin Literature, 2nd ed. (Oxford and New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1974). Remember that its authors think this is a book for secondary school students. If you can, also read E. K. Kenney, The Classical Text: Aspects of Editing in the Age of the Printed Book, Sather Classical Lectures, vol. 44 (Berkeley: Univ. of California Press, 1974). PAPER: Briefly tell us about the history of paper. Read Paper- making: Art and Craft (Washington, DC: The Library of Congress, 1968); Dard Hunter, Papermaking: The History and Technique of an Ancient Craft, 2nd ed. (New York: Knopf, 1947; rpt. New York: Dover, 1978). 4) 2 October: Manuscripts, cont. READ: H. Graham Pollard, "The Pecia System in the Medieval Uni- versities," in Medieval Scribes, Manuscripts and Libraries: Es- says Presented to N. R. Ker, ed. M. B. Parkes (London: Scolar, 1978), pp. 145-161; Michael T. Clanchy, "Looking Back from the Invention of Printing," in Literacy in Historical Perspective, ed. Daniel P. Resnick (Washington: The Library of Congress, 1983), pp. 7-22; FINISH Christopher De Hamel. PAPER: How did a book trade arise? For a comparison, read, if you can, Frederick G. Kenyon, Books and Readers in Ancient Greece and Rome (Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press, 1951). Read, with Pollard, above, Christopher De Hamel, Glossed Books of the Bible and the Origins of the Paris Booktrade (Woodbridge, Suffolk: D. S. Brewer, 1984 [distributed in the United States by Biblio, Totowa, NJ]). PAPER: Who read before print? Read Eric A. Havelock, The Muse Learns to Write: Reflections on Orality and Literacy from Anti- quity to the Present (New Haven: Yale Univ. Press, 1986); see also his Origins of Western Literacy (Toronto: Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, 1976) and The Literate Revolution in Greece and Its Cultural Consequences (Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press, 1982). Also read AT LEAST part 2 (pp. 149-265) of Clanchy, From Memory to Written Record: England, 1066-1307 (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Univ. Press, 1979). 5) 9 October: The introduction of printing in the West READ: S. H. Steinberg, 500 Years of Printing, 3rd ed. (Harmonds- worth: Penguin, 1974) [out of print; I'll try to get a photo- copy], pp. 15-42; Gaskell, New Introduction, "Introduction," "The Hand-Printed Book," "Printing Type," "Composition," "Paper"; Vic- tor Scholderer, Johann Gutenberg: The Inventor of Printing, 2nd ed. (London: The British Museum, 1970); Rudolf Hirsch, Printing, Selling and Reading 1450-1550, 2nd ed. (Wiesbaden: Otto Harraso- witz, 1974), chaps. 3-5, 7, pp. 27-77, 104-124 (BETTER YET, THE WHOLE BOOK). READ, if you can: Deno John Geanakoplos, Byzantine East and Latin West: Two Worlds of Christendom in Middle Ages and Renaissance (New York: Harper Torchbooks, 1966), chaps. 4-5, pp. 112-164; Geanakoplos, Greek Scholars in Venice: Studies in the Dissemin- ation of Greek Learning from Byzantium to Western Europe (Cam- bridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press, 1962), Conclusion, pp. 279-301; Giovanni Mardersteig, The Remarkable Story of a Book Made in Padua in 1477, trans. Hans Schmoller (London: Mattali & Maurice, 1967); Lotte Hellinga, Caxton in Focus: The Beginning of Printing in Eng- land (London: The British Library, 1983). PAPER: How did early printers manage to survive economically? Read Martin Lowry, The World of Aldus Manutius: Business and Scholar- ship in Renaissance Venice (Ithaca, NY: Cornell Univ. Press, 1979); Hellmut Lehmann-Haupt, Peter Schoeffer of Gernsheim and Mainz (Rochester, NY: Leo Hart, 1950); if you can, William G. Pet- tas, The Giunti of Florence: Merchant Publishers of the Sixteenth Century (San Francisco: Bernard M. Rosenthal, 1980); Hirsch and Mardersteig, above. PAPER: Johann Gutenberg. Read Paul Needham, two articles on Gut- enberg: (1) PBSA, 76:4 (1982), 395-456; (2) PBSA, 77:3 (1983), 341- 371; and Janet Ing, Johann Gutenberg and His Bible: A Historical Study, Typophile Chap Book, 58 (New York: Typophiles, 1988). 6) 16 October: FALL BREAK 7) 23 October: Early printing, cont. READ: Steinberg, 500 Years of Printing, pp. 42-116; Gaskell, New Introduction, "Imposition," "Presswork," "The Warehouse"; Eisen- stein, The Printing Revolution in Early Modern Europe; Hirsch, Printing, Selling and Reading, chap. 8, pp. 125-153; Carlo Ginz- burg, The Cheese and the Worms: The Cosmos of a Sixteenth-Century Miller, trans. John and Anne Tedeschi (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, 1980; rpt. Harmondsworth and New York: Penguin, 1982); Natalie Zemon Davis, "A Trade Union in Sixteenth-Century France," Economic History Review, 19 (1966), 48-69; Walter J. Ong, Orality and Literacy: The Technologizing of the Word, New Accents (London and New York: Methuen, 1982). READ, if you can: R. J. W. Evans, The Wechel Presses: Humanism and Calvinism in Central Europe 1572-1627, Past & Present Supple- ment 2 (Oxford: Past & Present Society, 1975); Natalie Zemon Davis, "Printing and the People: Early Modern France," in Lit- eracy and Social Development in the West: A Reader, ed. Harvey J. Graff, Cambridge Studies in Oral and Literate Culture, 3 (Cam- bridge and New York: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1981), pp. 69-95; Roger Chartier, "Publishing Strategies and What the People Read, 1530-1660," in The Cultural Uses of Print in Early Modern France, trans. Lydia G. Cochrane (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1987), pp. 145-182; Gerald Strauss, "Techniques of Indoctrination: The German Reformation," in Literacy and Social Development, ed. Graff, pp. 96-104; David Cressy, "Levels of Illiteracy in England, 1530-1730," in Literacy and Social Development, ed. Graff, pp. 105- 124; Jack Goody, The Logic of Writing and the Organization of Soci- ety, Studies in Literacy, Family, Culture and the State (Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1986). PAPER: The impact of printing on Renaissance cultural life. Read Miriam Usher Chrisman, Lay Culture, Learned Culture: Books and Social Change in Strasbourg, 1480-1599 (New Haven: Yale Univ. Press, 1982). See also Rudolf Hirsch, anything that happens to catch your eye in his The Printed Word: Its Impact and Diffusion (Primarily in the 15th-16th Centuries) (London: Variorum Reprints, 1978), and his "Classics in the Vulgar Tongues Printed during the Initial Fifty Years, 1471-1520," PBSA, 81 (1987), 249-337; Char- tier,Cultural Uses of Print in Early Modern France, and also some --e.g., chap. 7--of his Cultural History: Between Practices and Representations, trans. Lydia G. Cochrane (Ithaca, NY: Cornell Univ. Press, 1988). PAPER: The development of Renaissance typographic styles. Read Harry Carter, A View of Early Typography up to about 1600 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1969). If possible, also read Nicolas Barker, Al- dus Manutius and the Development of Greek Script and Type in the Fifteenth Century . . . (Sandy Hook, CT: Chiswick Book Shop, 1985). PAPER: Ben Jonson and print. Read whatever you can find by Rich- ard Newton (e.g., his essay in Print and Culture in the Rennais- sance: Essays on the Advent of Printing in Europe, ed. Gerald P. Tyson and Sylvia S. Wagonheim [Newark: Univ. of Delaware Press, 1986]). See also, for one sort of contrast, Arthur Marotti on Donne. 8) 30 October: NO CLASS (the instructor has to be away; IF he can arrange for a lecturer, he will let you know). READ: Donald F. McKenzie, "Printers of the Mind: Some Notes on Bibliographical Theories and Printing-House Practices," SB, 22 (1969), 1-75. 9) 6 November: Early printing, cont. READ: Steinberg, 500 Years of Printing, pp. 117-161; Gaskell, New Introduction, "Binding," "Decoration and Illustration," "Patterns of Production," "The English Book Trade to 1800"; Lucien Febvre and Henri-Jean Martin, The Coming of the Book, trans. David Gerard (London: NLB Verso, 1984 [sold in the U.S. by Schocken]). READ, if you can, Cressy (immediately below) and Margaret Spufford, "First Steps in Literacy: The Reading and Writing Experiences of the Humblest Seventeenth-Century Spiritual Autobiographers," in Literacy and Social Development, ed. Graff, pp. 125-150; R. S. Schofield, "Dimensions of Illiteracy in England 1750-1850," in Literacy and Social Development, ed. Graff, pp. 201-213; Kenneth A. Lockridge, "Literacy in Early America 1650-1800," in Literacy and Social Development, ed. Graff, pp. 183-200. PAPER: Who read early printed books? Read as much as you can of Francois Furet and Jacques Ozouf, Reading and Writing: Literacy in France from Calvin to Jules Ferry, Cambridge Studies in Oral and Literate Culture, 5 (Cambridge and New York: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1982); David Cressy, Literacy and the Social Order: Reading and Writing in Tudor and Stuart England (Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1980). Recall Ginzburg, The Cheese and the Worms, and much else from the readings of 23 October. PAPER: Now that you have read not only Eisenstein but also Hirsch, Febvre/Martin, and Steinberg, what's the big deal about Eisenstein? 10) 13 November: Early printing in North America READ: Lawrence C. Wroth, The Colonial Printer, 2nd ed. (1938; rpt. Charlottesville, Va: Univ. Press of Virginia, 1964), chaps. 1-9, pp. 3-190; Rollo G. Silver, The American Printer 1787-1825 (Char- lottesville, VA: Published for the Bibliographical Society of the University of Virginia [by] the Univ. Press of Virginia, 1967), chaps. 1-3, pp. 1-96; and as much of his Typefounding in America, 1787-1825 (Charlottesville, VA: Published for the Bibliographical Society of the University of Virginia [by] the Univ. Press of Vir- ginia, 1965) as you can; AS MUCH AS YOU CAN OF Cathy N. Davidson, Revolution and the Word: The Rise of the Novel in America (New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1986). READ, if you can, the essays by Hall, Botein, Reilly, Stiverson and Stiverson, and Winans (pp. 1-185) in Printing and Society in Early America, ed. William L. Joyce, David D. Hall, Richard D. Brown, and John B. Hench (Worcester, MA: American Antiquarian Society, 1983); and the essays by Botein and Buel (pp. 11-97) in The Press and the American Revolution, ed. Bernard Bailyn and John B. Hench (Worces- ter, MA: American Antiquarian Society, 1980). A person interested in the connection between literacy, the press, and the American political process might find Richard L. Rubin, Press, Party, and Presidency (New York: W. W. Norton, 1981), worth summarizing for the class. AS MUCH AS YOU CAN OF Needs and Opportunities in the History of the Book: America, 1639-1876, ed. David D. Hall and John B. Hench (Worcester, Mass.: American Antiquarian Society, 1987). WITH LUCK, we may be able to meet at The Library Company of Phila- delphia (1314 Locust Street) to see some early American imprints at that institution. 11) 20 November: 18th century READ: Steinberg, 500 Years of Printing, pp. 165-272; Gaskell, New Introduction, pp. 189-230; Terry Belanger, "Publishers and Writers in Eighteenth-Century England," in Books and Their Readers in Eigh- teenth-Century England, ed. Isabel Rivers (Leicester: Leicester Univ. Press, 1982), pp. 5-26 (and anything else in this collection that catches your eye); Belanger, "From Bookseller to Publisher: Changes in the London Book Trade, 1750-1850," in Book Selling and Book Buying: Aspects of the Nineteenth-Century British and North American Book Trade, ed. Richard G. Landon, ACRL Publications in Librarianship, no. 40 (Chicago: American Library Association, 1978), pp. 7-16; and AS MUCH AS YOU CAN OF Robert Darnton, The Literary Underground of the Old Regime (Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press, 1982), esp. chaps. 1, 4-6, pp. 1-40, 122-208; Darnton, The Great Cat Massacre and Other Episodes in French Cultural His- tory (New York: Basic Books, 1984), esp. chaps. 2, 4, pp. 75-106, 145-190; and Eisenstein, Print Culture and Enlightenment Thought (Chapel Hill, NC: Hanes Foundation, Rare Book Collection/Univer- sity Library, The University of North Carolina, 1986). PAPER: Read Alvin B. Kernan, Printing Technology, Letters, and Samuel Johnson (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1987) and discuss its significance (if any) for thinking about eighteenth- century publishing history. Has it also any significance for the ways in which we might approach the "movable-type-as-revolution- ary" explanations of Eisenstein and her epigones for the fifteenth through the seventeenth centuries? PAPER: Darnton, together with some of the earlier history you have read, suggests something of the ambiguous social location of those engaged in the book arts. Is that ambiguity in the periods he dis- cusses like that you have seen in the earlier periods? Is it like- ly to have any noticeable impact on the books we see, or is this merely a matter of perverse interest to social historians? Darn- ton, Davis, Eisenstein, and some of the early printer biographies are all likely to be useful for this question. 12) 27 November: 18th century, cont. READ: Darnton, The Business of Enlightenment: A Publishing His- tory of the Encyclopedie 1775-1800 (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Univ. Press, 1979); Dominick LaCapra, Soundings in Critical Theory (Ithaca, NY: Cornell Univ. Press, 1989), chap. 3, pp. 67-89. PAPER: Summarize, and discuss the significance of, Darnton, The Business of Enlightenment: A Publishing History of the Encyclo- pedie 1775-1800 (Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press, 1979). PAPER: Ditto for Edwin Wolf II, The Book Culture of a Colonial American City: Philadelphia Books, Bookmen, and Booksellers, Lyell Lectures in Bibliography, 1985-6 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1988). 13) 4 December: 19th century READ: Steinberg, 500 Years of Printing, pp. 275-368; Gaskell, New Introduction, "Introduction," "Survival and Change," "Plates," "Type 1800-1875," "Paper in the Machine-Press Period"; Richard D. Altick, The English Common Reader: A Social History of the Mass Reading Public 1800-1900 (Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press, 1957), AT LEAST chaps. 2-3, pp. 30-66, and chaps. 12-15, pp. 260-364; N. N. Feltes, Modes of Production of Victorian Novels (Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press, 1986). READ, if you can, J. A. Sutherland, Victorian Novelists and Pub- lishers (Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press, 1976), AT LEAST part 1, pp. 1-98; Nigel Cross, The Common Writer: Life in Nineteenth-Cen- tury Grub Street (Cambridge and New York: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1985), chaps. 2, 5, pp. 38-89, 164-203; Lee Erickson, "The Poets' Corner: The Impact of Technological Changes in Printing on English Poetry, 1800-1850," ELH, 52:4 (Winter 1985), 893-912. Recommended reading: Michael Twyman, Printing 1770-1970: An Il- lustrated History of its Development and Uses in England (London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1970), AT LEAST pp. 1-130; Ruari McLean, Victorian Book Design and Colour Printing, 2nd ed. (London: Faber & Faber, 1972). PAPERS: Possible topics include the impact of Anglo-American copy- right legislation (or the lack thereof) on U.S. and U.K. knowledge and reception of each other's literature; the role of the mode of production and dissemination of Victorian novels on their shape (size; length); the impact of print as normal mode of dissemination on the writing of poetry. 14) 11 December: 20th century READ: Walter Benjamin, "The Work of Art in an Age of Mechanical Reproduction," in Illuminations, ed. Hannah Arendt, trans. Harry Zohn (New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1968; rpt. New York: Schocken, 1969), pp. 217-251; Ruari McLean, Modern Book Design from William Morris to the Present Day (London: Faber & Faber, 1958)-- SCAN; John Dreyfus, "William Morris: Typographer," in William Mor- ris and the Art of the Book (New York: The Pierpont Morgan Li- brary, 1976), pp. 71-94; AND as much as you can manage of Lewis Coser, Charles Kadushin, and Walter W. Powell, Books: The Culture and Commerce of Publishing (New York: Basic Books, 1982), part I, pp. 13-93; Thomas L. Bonn, Under Cover: An Illustrated History of American Mass Market Paperbacks (Harmondsworth and New York: Pen- guin, 1982), parts 1-2, pp. 25-116; Siegfried Unseld, The Author and His Publisher, trans. Hunter Hannum and Hildegarde Hannum (Chi- cago: Univ. of Chicago Press, 1980), AT LEAST chap. 1, pp. 1-44; and whatever you can manage of James L. W. West III, American Authors and the Literary Marketplace since 1900 (Philadelphia: Univ. of Pennsylvania Press, 1988). PAPER: Why do modern U.S. books look like they do? Read Susan Otis Thompson, American Book Design and William Morris (New York: R. R. Bowker, 1977). PAPER: An instance of a political impact from publishing deci- sions? Read, summarize, and evaluate James J. Barnes and Patience P. Barnes, Hitler's Mein Kampf in Britain and America: A Publish- ing History 1930-39 (Cambridge and New York: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1980) 15) 18 December: Final paper due READ (it's the last class--as much as you can or want to): Wil- liam M. Ivins, Jr., Prints and Visual Communication (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1953; rpt. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1974), AT LEAST chaps. 1-5, pp. 1-112; Paul Needham, Twelve Centur- ies of Bookbindings 400-1600 (New York: The Pierpont Morgan Li- brary, 1979); and whatever you can of the following: H. Graham Pollard, "Describing Medieval Bookbindings," in Medieval Learning and Literature: Essays Presented to Richard William Hunt, ed. J. J. G. Alexander and M. T. Gibson (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1976), pp. 50-65; Alexander Lawson, Printing Types: An Introduction (Bos- ton: Beacon, 1971), pp. 45-119; John Harthan, The History of the Illustrated Book: The Western Tradition (London and New York: Thames and Hudson, 1981), AT LEAST chaps. 2-6, pp. 59-208; essays by Blanchard, Schauer, Handover, and Wells in Book Typography 1815- 1965 in Europe and the United States, ed. Kenneth Day (Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press, 1965), pp. 39-80, 99-136, 139-174, 327-370; and Nicolas Barker, Stanley Morison (Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press, 1972). ALSO--now, or before you die--G. Thomas Tanselle, A Rationale of Textual Criticism (Philadelphia: Univ. of Pennsylvania Press, 1989); and Pierre Machery, A Theory of Literary Production (London and Boston: Routledge, 1978). -------------------------------------------------------------------- Eng 500 (Fall 1989) History of Books and Printing READING LIST Altick, Richard D. The English Common Reader: A Social History of the Mass Reading Public 1800-1900. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1957. Barker, Nicolas. Aldus Manutius and the Development of Greek Script and Type in the Fifteenth Century . . . Sandy Hook, CT: Chiswick Book Shop, 1985. ----------. Stanley Morison. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1972. Barnes, James J., and Patience P. Barnes. Hitler's Mein Kampf in Britain and America: A Publishing History 1930-39. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1980. Benjamin, Walter. Illuminations. Ed. Hannah Arendt. Trans. Harry Zohn. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1968; rpt. New York: Schocken, 1969. Bibliographical Society of America. Papers. 76:4 (1982), 395-456 (article by Paul Needham). ----------. ----------. 77:3 (1983), 341-371 (article by Paul Needham). Bonn, Thomas L. Under Cover: An Illustrated History of American Mass Market Paperbacks. Harmondsworth and New York: Penguin, 1982. Book Selling and Book Buying: Aspects of the Nineteenth-Century British and North American Book Trade. Ed. Richard G. Landon. ACRL Publications in Librarianship, no. 40. Chicago: American Library Association, 1978. Book Typography 1815-1965 in Europe and the United States. Ed. Kenneth Day. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1965. Calkins, Robert G. Illuminated Books of the Middle Ages. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1983. Carter, Harry. A View of Early Typography up to about 1600. Ox- ford: Clarendon Press, 1969. Carter, Thomas Francis. The Invention of Printing in China and Its Spread Westward, 2nd ed. Rev. Lloyd Carrington Goodrich. New York: Ronald Press, 1955. Cave, Roderick. The Private Press, 2nd ed. New York: R. R. Bowker, 1983. Chartier, Roger. Cultural History: Between Practices and Rep- resentations. Trans. Lydia G. Cochrane. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1988. ----------. The Cultural Uses of Print in Early Modern France. Trans. Lydia G. Cochrane. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1987. Chrisman, Miriam Usher. Lay Culture, Learned Culture: Books and Social Change in Strasbourg, 1480-1599. New Haven: Yale Univer- sity Press, 1982. Coser, Lewis A., Charles Kadushin, and Walter W. Powell. Books: The Culture and Commerce of Publishing. New York: Basic Books, 1982. Cressy, David. Literacy and the Social Order: Reading and Writing in Tudor and Stuart England. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1980. Cross, Nigel. The Common Writer: Life in Nineteenth-Century Grub Street. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1985. Darnton, Robert. The Business of Enlightenment: A Publishing His- tory of the Encyclopedie 1775-1800. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Uni- versity Press, 1979. ----------. The Great Cat Massacre and Other Episodes in French Cultural History. New York: Basic Books, 1984. ----------. The Literary Underground of the Old Regime. Cam- bridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1982. De Hamel, Christopher. Glossed Books of the Bible and the Origins of the Paris Booktrade. Woodbridge, Suffolk: D. S. Brewer, 1984 (distributed in the United States by Biblio, Totowa, NJ). ----------. A History of Illuminated Manuscripts. Boston: David R. Godine, 1986. Diehl, Edith. Bookbinding: Its Background and Technique. New York: Rinehart, 1946 (2 vols.); rpt. New York: Dover, 1980 (1 vol.). ELH, 52:4 (Winter 1985), 893-912 (article by Lee Erickson). Eisenstein, Elizabeth L. Print Culture and Enlightenment Thought. Chapel Hill, NC: Hanes Foundation, Rare Book Collection/University Library, The University of North Carolina, 1986. ----------. The Printing Revolution in Early Modern Europe. Cam- bridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1983. Essays in Honor of James Edward Walsh on His Sixty-Fifth Birthday. Cambridge, MA: The Goethe Institute of Boston and The Houghton Library, 1983. Evans, R. J. W. The Wechel Presses: Humanism and Calvinism in Central Europe 1572-1627. Past & Present Supplement 2. Oxford: Past & Present Society, 1975. Feather, John P., and David McKitterick. The History of Books and Libraries: Two Views. The Center for the Book Viewpoint Series, No. 16. Washington, DC: The Library of Congress, 1986. Febvre, Lucien, and Henri-Jean Martin. The Coming of the Book. Trans. David Gerard. London: NLB Verso, 1984 (sold in the United States by Schocken). Furet, Francois, and Jacques Ozouf. Reading and Writing: Literacy in France from Calvin to Jules Ferry. Cambridge Studies in Oral and Literate Culture, 5. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1982. Gaskell, Philip. A New Introduction to Bibliography. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1974 (corrected edition). Geanakoplos, Deno John. Byzantine East and Latin West: Two Worlds of Christendom in Middle Ages and Renaissance. New York: Harper Torchbooks, 1966. ----------. Greek Scholars in Venice: Studies in the Dissemina- tion of Greek Learning from Byzantium to Western Europe. Cam- bridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1962. Ginzburg, Carlo. The Cheese and the Worms: The Cosmos of a Six- teenth-Century Miller. Trans. John and Anne Tedeschi. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1980; rpt. Harmondsworth and New York: Penguin, 1982. Harthan, John. The History of the Illustrated Book: The Western Tradition. London and New York: Thames and Hudson, 1981. Hellinga, Lotte. Caxton in Focus: The Beginning of Printing in England. London: The British Library, 1983. Hirsch, Rudolf. Printing, Selling and Reading 1450-1550, 2nd ed. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, 1974. NOTE: An essay by Mr. Hirsch worth your attention appeared in PBSA, 81 (September 1987), 249-337; see also his The Printed Word: Its Impact and Diffusion (Primarily in the 15th-16th Centuries, Collected Studies, 81 (London: Variorum Reprints, 1978). Hunter, Dard. Papermaking: The History and Technique of an Ancient Craft. New York: Knopf, 1947; rpt. New York: Dover, 1978. Ivins, William M., Jr. Prints and Visual Communication. Cam- bridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1953; rpt. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1974. Jackson, Donald. The Story of Writing. New York: Taplinger, 1981. Kenyon, Frederick G. Books and Readers in Ancient Greece and Rome. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1951. Kernan, Alvin B. Printing Technology, Letters, and Samuel Johnson. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1987. Lawson, Alexander. Printing Types: An Introduction. Boston: Beacon, 1971. Lehmann-Haupt, Hellmut. Peter Schoeffer of Gernsheim and Mainz. Rochester, NY: Leo Hart, 1950. Literacy and Social Development in the West: A Reader. Ed. Harvey J. Graff. Cambridge Studies in Oral and Literate Culture, 3. Cam- bridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1981. Literacy in Historical Perspective. Ed. Daniel P. Resnick. Wash- ington: The Library of Congress, 1983, Lowry, Martin. The World of Aldus Manutius: Business and Scholar- ship in Renaissance Venice. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1979. McLean, Ruari. Modern Book Design from William Morris to the Present Day. London: Faber & Faber, 1958. ----------. Victorian Book Design and Colour Printing, 2nd ed. London: Faber & Faber, 1972. Mardersteig, Giovanni. The Remarkable Story of a Book Made in Padua in 1477. Trans. Hans Schmoller. London: Mattali & Maurice, 1967. Medieval Learning and Literature: Essays Presented to Richard William Hunt. Ed. J. J. G. Alexander and M. T. Gibson. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1976. Medieval Scribes, Manuscripts and Libraries: Essays Presented to N. R. Ker. Ed. M. B. Parkes. London: Scolar, 1978. Needham, Paul. Twelve Centuries of Bookbindings 400-1600. New York: The Pierpont Morgan Library, 1979. ----------. SEE Bibliographical Society of America. Papers. Ong, Walter J., S.J. Orality and Literacy: The Technologizing of the Word. New Accents. London and New York: Methuen, 1982. The Origins of Civilization. Ed. P. R. S. Moorey. Wolfson College Lectures, 1978. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1979. Papermaking: Art and Craft. Washington, DC: The Library of Congress, 1968. Pettas, William G. The Giunti of Florence: Merchant Publishers of the Sixteenth Century. San Francisco: Bernard M. Rosenthal, 1980. The Press and the American Revolution. Ed. Bernard Bailyn and John B. Hench. Worcester, MA: American Antiquarian Society, 1980. Printing and Society in Early America. Ed. William L. Joyce, David D. Hall, Richard D. Brown, and John B. Hench. Worcester, MA: American Antiquarian Society, 1983. Reynolds, L. D., and N. G. Wilson. Scribes and Scholars: A Guide to the Transmission of Greek and Latin Literature, 2nd ed. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1974. Roberts, Colin H., and T. C. Skeat. The Birth of the Codex. Lon- don: Printed for the British Academy by Oxford University Press, 1983. Rubin, Richard L. Press, Party, and Presidency. New York: W. W. Norton, 1981. Scholderer, Victor. Johann Gutenberg: The Inventor of Printing, 2nd ed. London: The British Museum, 1970. Silver, Rollo G. The American Printer 1787-1825. Charlottesville, VA: Published for the Bibliographical Society of the University of Virginia [by] the University Press of Virginia, 1967. Steinberg, S. H. 500 Years of Printing, 3rd ed. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1974. Sutherland, J. A. Victorian Novelists and Publishers. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1976. Tanselle, G. Thomas. The History of Books as a Field of Study. Chapel Hill, NC: Hanes Foundation, Rare Book Collection/Academic Affairs Library, The University of North Carolina, 1981. Thompson, Susan Otis. American Book Design and William Morris. New York: R. R. Bowker, 1977. Twyman, Michael. Printing 1770-1970: An Illustrated History of its Development and Uses in England. London: Eyre and Spottis- woode, 1970. Unseld, Siegfried. The Author and His Publisher. Trans. Hunter Hannum and Hildegarde Hannum. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1980. William Morris and the Art of the Book. New York: The Pierpont Morgan Library, 1976. Willison, I[an] R. On the History of Libraries and Scholarship. The Center for the Book Viewpoint Series, No. 4. Washington, DC: The Library of Congress, 1980. Wroth, Lawrence C. The Colonial Printer, 2nd ed. 1938; rpt. Char- lottesville, Va: University Press of Virginia, 1964.


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